The two types of standard transistors are PNP and NPN which differs in circuit symbols. The layers of semiconductor material used to make the transistor are denoted by the letters. To keep a straight ...

How many remote controls do you have in your home? Don’t you wish all these things were better integrated somehow, or that you could add remote control functionality to a random device? It’s a common ...

This resource provides clear explanations of how switching regulators work and how voltage boosting is achieved efficiently ...

The use of transistors for switching things ON and OFF is a key feature of proper hacking. The ability for bipolar transistors to turn things ON and OFF is one of the less known uses while transistors ...

In the early days, PNP bipolar transistors were common, but the bulk of circuits you see today use NPN transistors. As [Aaron Danner] points out, many people think PNP transistors are “backward” but ...

A new material can withstand 'billions' of electrical cycles without wearing out — and scientists say it could transform electronics within 10 to 20 years. When you purchase through links on our site, ...

Fast switching: the Hybrid Photonics Labs at Skoltech where the new optical transistor was created. (Courtesy: Skoltech) A new optical transistor has been designed by researchers in Russia, ...