The scapula has its own set of joint actions: The shoulder girdle has a set of joint actions specific to motion of the scapula. Although this may seem like just another set of confusing terms to ...

Objectives: To determine if the muscle force and electromyographic activity in the scapular rotators of overhead athletes with impingement symptoms showed differences between the injured and ...

Here are a few fitness terms you might hear at a gym, in a fitness video, or from a physiotherapist: protraction, retraction, elevation, and depression. Add to this the upward rotation, and a downward ...

1 Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium 2 Division of Musculoskeletal Physiotherapy, Department of Health Sciences, Artesis University College ...