It’s not all in your head, but your expectations can sway your perception of pain intensity. Information about expectations — the driver of the placebo effect — travels from the cortex to groups of ...

Much like a weird physics experiment, our perception of pain intensity can be affected by our expectations. Information about expectations—the driver of the placebo effect—travels from the cortex to ...

Researchers at the Salk Institute have discovered a brain pathway that connects the frontal cortex to the brainstem, offering potential therapeutic targets for anxiety, panic, and PTSD. Study: A ...

New research suggests spinal cord and brainstem are essential for processing touch signals as they travel to the brain The sense of touch is essential to almost everything we do, from routine tasks at ...

Our survival depends on our reactions to threats. It is well known that the amygdala is central in regulating fear. But little is known about how or even if cues from our five sense organs are ...

The sense of touch is essential to almost everything we do, from routine tasks at home to navigating unfamiliar terrains that may conceal dangers. Scientists have long been interested in understanding ...

A summary of brainstem regions in which signal intensity changes are significantly correlated to placebo- or nocebo abilities reveals that the midbrain periaqueductal gray (PAG) – rostroventromedial ...