Vision language models (VLMs) exhibit vast knowledge of the physical world, including intuition of physical and spatial properties, affordances, and motion. With fine-tuning, VLMs can also natively ...

Without an ever present magnetic field to rely on, as compass users have on Earth, those of us responsible for spacecraft navigation must utilize a three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system, or ...

Homogeneous vector and plane, homogeneous transformation, position and orientation transformations, kinematics and inverse kinematic solutions of robot manipulators and mobile robots, Jacobian and ...