A shotgun’s payload of pellets flies downrange in an expanding, lengthening swarm. The choke in the gun’s muzzle determines the height and width of that swarm. “Choke” is the taper in the last inches ...

When a shotgun is fired, a column of round shot pellets leaves the barrel and spreads out into a “pattern.” As the pellets travel farther from the firearm’s muzzle, the pattern widens. At some point, ...

In the long-gone days of lead shot, choosing chokes for waterfowling was simple: the fuller, the better. A few hunters picked Modified for over-decoy shooting, but more often than not, in those days ...