• Symbiotic nitrogen (N₂) fixation plays a vital role in sustainable agriculture. Efficient N₂ fixation requires various materials, including phosphate (Pi); however, the molecular mechanism ...

Most phosphorus in the environment is in an organic form that plants cannot directly use, and traditional understanding suggested only enzymes could convert it into the bioavailable inorganic form.

Iron oxide in soil performs the same transformation as plants and microbes that are known to secrete enzymes to transform organic phosphorus into bioavailable inorganic phosphorus. Northwestern ...