In the development of new pharmaceutical ingredients and other high-purity products, carefully controlled crystallization ...

From the snow formation process of crystallization, the artful beauty of this chemistry phenomenon can be glimpsed. Actually behind the amazing picture is the great strength of this reaction in ...

The authors discuss the preparation of lipophilic drug nanocrystals by controlled crystallization during freeze-drying. Modern drug-discovery techniques are rapidly increasing the number of lipophilic ...

Waters supersaturated with sparingly soluble salts are encountered in RO/NF (reverse osmosis/nanofiltration) membrane-based water treatment processes, cooling water discharge, and produced water from ...